How it works

Animation showing weak gravitational lensing: distant background galaxies are distorted by the mass of intervening structure
Weak lensing: light from distant background galaxies is deflected by intervening mass, coherently distorting their shapes in the direction of the foreground mass distribution.

Light from distant background galaxies is deflected by all the mass — dark or luminous — lying between those galaxies and us. The deflection coherently distorts the shapes of background galaxies in the direction of the foreground mass: weak gravitational lensing. Because galaxies are not intrinsically round, the lensing signal is recovered statistically by averaging over millions of galaxy pairs. The result is a direct map of the total matter distribution — including the dark matter that emits no light.

Galaxy–galaxy lensing measures the dark-matter mass around foreground galaxies, by stacking the lensing signal from background sources behind them. Cosmic shear turns the question around: by correlating the shapes of distant background galaxies with each other, we measure the total mass — visible or invisible — sitting in front of them. The statistics of those shape correlations constrain the global amplitude of matter clustering, S8, and the dark-energy equation of state.

Recent results

First cosmic shear results from UNIONS

Our first cosmological constraints from cosmic shear in the Ultraviolet Near-Infrared Optical Northern Survey (UNIONS), based on a galaxy shape catalogue covering ~2,900 sq. deg. of the northern sky. The UNIONS-3500 series presents the shape catalogue, B-mode validation, and 2D cosmological constraints in configuration space (S8 = 0.831+0.067−0.078) and harmonic space (S8 = 0.891+0.057−0.084). Both are consistent with Planck within 1σ.

Filaments of the cosmic web

We produced the first composite image of dark-matter-dominated filaments connecting galaxy halos. Coverage at the University of Waterloo, CBC and Newsweek; journal paper in MNRAS.

Shapes of dark-matter halos

Halos are not spherical: they are elliptical in projection and aligned with the light of the galaxies they host, as we showed in Robison et al. 2023.

Lensing by cosmic voids

Cosmic voids — the vast under-dense regions between filaments and clusters — leave a measurable signature in the shapes of background galaxies. Stacking the weak-lensing signal around many voids probes the behaviour of dark matter and dark energy in low-density environments. See the 2026 MNRAS paper.

Surveys

UNIONS survey logo

UNIONS

Lead, weak-lensing team

Ultraviolet Near-Infrared Optical Northern Survey — deep panchromatic imaging of 6,000+ sq. deg. of the northern sky. The first weak-lensing papers are out (ADS library).

Euclid Consortium logo

Euclid

Co-lead, galaxy–galaxy lensing

ESA space mission, launched 2023; member of the Weak Lensing Science Working Group.

LSST DESC logo

Rubin / LSST DESC

Member, Dark Energy Science Collaboration

The Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will deliver the deepest wide-field weak-lensing dataset of the 2030s; DESC is the LSST cosmology collaboration.